World's leading countries experience in the management of elite sports: a review article

Abstract

Purpose: To present a comparative description of elite sports management in the world sports leaders and to substantiate the possible use of the experience of these countries for elite sports development in Ukraine.
 Material and methods: The analysis of literature sources was carries out by working with scientific works, which are presented in the databases “ Web of science”, “Scopus”, “Pub Med” and others. The literary sources were searched for according to the keywords: "elite sports functioning and development", "main indices of elite sports development", "innovations in elite sports". Next, the results were specified according to the keyword "USA", "China", "Great Britain", "Germany", "Ukraine" and separately by the keyword "comparative analysis". A total of 537 works were found according to the keywords, of which 37 were selected for the literature review. The selection was carried out as follows: first, the topic of the articles was analyzed, then, if the topic corresponded to the direction of our study, the annotation was analyzed. If the annotation corresponded to the direction of our research, the text of the article was analyzed.
 Results. The essence and peculiarities of elite sport functioning and development in USA, China, Great Britain, and Germany, the leaders of world sports are considered. It is shown that in many countries of the world, state authorities tend to pay significant attention to the field of elite sports development.
 It is established that in order to take the lead in world sports, in particular at the Olympic Games, the USA, China, Great Britain, and Germany are carrying out innovative development of the system of elite sport. However, the innovative development of elite sport in each country occurs according to its own scenario with due account for national specifics. At the same time, elite sport in Ukraine continues to develop according to an extensive model.
 The presented analysis of elite sports management in the advanced countries of the world can contribute to the improvement of the system of elite sports in Ukraine with account for foreign experience. The data obtained indicate that the system of elite sport management used in Great Britain may be the most appropriate for the functioning and development of elite sport in Ukraine.
 Conclusions. One of the possible approaches to the formation and implementation of state policy in the field of elite sport is to use the successful experience of the elite sport management system, which is functioning in Great Britain.