Working conditions, occupational morbidity and occupational injuries in the Bashkortostan construction industry

Abstract

The article focuses on the results of a study on indicators characterizing working conditions, occupational morbidity, occupational injuries, including fatalities, in Bashkortostan construction enterprises. Official statistics, state reports in the field of occupational safety and health, sanitary and epidemiological welfare of the population were used in the work. The study materials on occupational diseases, fatal occupational injuries between 2017 and 2020 have been analyzed. The data obtained indicate that construction workers, due to the specifics of their occupational activities, are exposed to a wide range of hazardous occupational factors (chemical, physical, work severity), the levels of which at 29–32 % of jobs do not meet the hygienic requirements. Hazardous working conditions and non-compliance with occupational safety requirements are risk factors for the development of occupational diseases and occupational injuries. The indicator of occupational morbidity for the study period was from 0.01 to 0.06, injuries — from 1.30 to 1.90 per 1000 workers. The number of workplace trauma victims in the construction industry was as much as 1.1–1.9 times higher than the national average. To ensure safe working conditions, prevent occupational diseases and occupational injuries, it is imperative to introduce comprehensive targeted preventive measures.