“WOMEN’S ISSUE” IN WORKS OF THE RUSSIAN JURIST AND SOCIOLOGIST OF THE NEOKANTIAN DIRECTION XIX – THE BEGINNINGS OF THE XX CENTURY OF V.M. HVOSTOV

Abstract

The study “women’s issue” is considered in this article, on the basis of the analysis of primary sources in works of the famous jurist, representative of the neokantian direction of the Russian sociology of XIX – the beginnings of the XX century of Veniamin Mikhaylovich Hvostov is considered (1868–1920). “Women’s issue” as a complex of social problems is an object of research in a modern western and domestic scientific thought, especially actively developed in the framework of feministic sociology. Now the subject area of feminist sociology developed, discussed and criticized. It is considered to be that for the first time this question arises in the Western European social thought. In this article the author pays attention that the problem of a provision of women attracted a keen interest of representatives of the most different directions of sociological science in Russia during its forming. Statement of a problem of inequality, overcoming a dependency of the woman, providing her rights in Russia differs from western in special specifics. These specifics are caused by historical and social development of society, formation of a system of law, religious consciousness. One of the most pressing issues and at the same time the least studied is consideration of the prospects of the birth of feminist ideas within neokantianism schools of Russian sociology. The author comes to a conclusion that the neokantian direction in sociology, the leading role in which belonged to scientific jurists and historians, led to reorientation of a social thought in general and allowed to open new opportunities for development of scientific knowledge and transformation of the public relations. One of the most important problems of these public relations was the problem of a women’s provision. V.M. Hvostov raises a number of important issues in the development of the problem, in particular we are talking about the possibility of a radical change of women in connection with a radical change in the conditions of life and activities. Under the influence of such progressive thinkers as V.M. Hvostov changes the look on social reality in general.