Abstract
The Philippine Islands experienced a long period of colonialism, from 1565 to 1946. During nearly 400 years of colonization, Philippine education was deeply influenced by the Hispanic and American education system. The educational policies of colonial governments had affected most Philipinas, including women. While the Spaniards performed a minimal education for women and bundled them in the strict framework, the Americans paid attention to provide practical career skills for women in the family and in society. From the approach based on the connection between education and colonialism, the paper will focus on the issue of educating women in the colonial administration's educational policy and its impact on life of women, on their cognitive and the re-awareness process of their roles and positions in society.
Highlights
Today, the Philippines is known for being one nation of strong women, who have a high position in society
Under Spanish rule, the Philippine education system contained a serious discrimination in terms of caste, gender, ethnicity and occupation, in which women were in a very low position In the American period, public education based on the American model paved the way for widespread participation of Philipinas women in education
In addition to this development, the tradition of division of labor by sex had been abolished and reinforced through education and career orientation of the family and society. Aiming to answer this question, this paper will analysis and compare data/documents which related to the Philipinas education through the Spanish and American colonial period from two primary sources: (1) the official reports of the Spaniards and the American governments in Philippines, and the records and researches of the officials who presented in the authorities of the Archipelago; (2) the studies of scholars on the education of Philippine women under colonial eras
Summary
The Philippines is known for being one nation of strong women, who have a high position in society. Philipinas women were no longer isolated in their narrow homes, they could participate in larger socio-economic activities In addition to this development, the tradition of division of labor by sex had been abolished and reinforced through education and career orientation of the family and society. METHOD Aiming to answer this question, this paper will analysis and compare data/documents which related to the Philipinas education through the Spanish and American colonial period from two primary sources: (1) the official reports of the Spaniards and the American governments in Philippines, and the records and researches of the officials who presented in the authorities of the Archipelago; (2) the studies of scholars on the education of Philippine women under colonial eras. The authors believe that the data is an important basis for accurately assessing the situation and the change of gender in colonial education programs through the different periods, including the number of students, schools, classes, occupations
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