Women and Preaching in Premodern Europe Part One: The Early Middle Ages to the Twelfth Century

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ABSTRACT This article explores the often—overlooked contributions of women to pastoral care and preaching in premodern Europe, focusing on the period from the early Middle Ages to the twelfth century. The investigation challenges dominant definitions of preaching, as articulated by figures like Alan of Lille (d. 1202), which have influenced contemporary scholarship's emphasis on public, pulpit—based sermons by men. Drawing on diverse sources — including saints' lives, canon law, theological treatises, and chronicles — this research highlights how female monastic leaders engaged in pastoral activities that closely paralleled episcopal preaching. These women often exhorted and provided spiritual guidance within their communities.