WITHDRAWN: Ionospheric total electron content and scintillations characteristics from GPS signal observations at a low latitude station

Abstract

Abstract The effect of total electron content and scintillation are very crucial to GPS users in the applications for communication, navigation and atmospheric studies. The performance of the radio waves depends on the ionospheric scintillations which varies with amplitude and phase delays. Ionospheric scintillation divided into amplitude and phase scintillation which are practical measurements of amplitude and phase scintillations affecting the receiver. Two frequencies are used, to study the Ionospheric scintillations using GPS Signals from satellite to receiver, L1 frequency (1.575 GHz) and L2 frequency (1.228 GHz). The amplitude and phase of GPS satellite signals are fluctuated due to electron irregularity in the ionosphere which results in degradation of communications between Earth-Space and Navigating Systems. The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is a remote sensing tool used to monitor the ionospheric conditions and atmosphere. In this paper, the GNSS amplitude scintillation data has been analysed during the year 2015 at Bangalore station to observe S4 index and Total Electron Content (TEC) over the Indian low-latitude region. Analysis of variation of TEC is useful in the estimation of ionospheric delay for global navigation satellite systems. The regularities of the ionosphere change from place to place, in order to evaluate and improve the performance of global models of the ionosphere, numerous studies and techniques are used. The hourly average has been computed for every month throughout the year. Moreover, these kinds of investigations are helpful for developing new methodologies to forecast total electronic content and ionospheric scintillations over the Indian Sub-continent.