Abstract
WITHDRAWN: Gestational and lactational exposure to atrazine affects behavior and cognitive functions in Sprague-Dawley rats
Highlights
To date, there have been few specialized studies demonstrating the effects of atrazine on behavior, learning, and memory, when exposure occurs during early neurodevelopmental stages
We investigated the effects of maternal atrazine exposure on the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-protein kinase A (PKA)-cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) signaling pathway, as well as interactions between Brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 1 (BAI1) and murine double minute 2 (MDM2) on postsynaptic density protein-95 (PSD-95) levels
Atrazine (ATR; 2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6isopropylamino-s-triazine) is a widely used herbicide that is frequently found as a groundwater contaminant and in drinking water [1, 2]
Summary
Atrazine (ATR; 2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6isopropylamino-s-triazine) is a widely used herbicide that is frequently found as a groundwater contaminant and in drinking water [1, 2]. Surveys from America, Italy and Greece have suggested that ATR is one of the top environmental contaminants [4] and affects nervous, reproductive and endocrine systems [510]. Belloni et al indicated that gestational and postnatal exposure to ATR altered motor activity in juvenile offspring and led to extensive neurodegenerative alterations in the cortex, striatum, hippocampus, and hypothalamus in adulthood [13, 16]. This suggests that the developing nervous system may be sensitive to ATR, in the early neural developmental stage. Studies have indicated that offspring from women who were exposed to ATR during the gestational and lactational periods are affected [17,18,19,20]
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