Wireless simultaneous measurement system for liquid level and density using dynamic bubbler technique: Application to KNO3 molten salts

Abstract

We have developed a liquid level measurement system using the dynamic bubbler technique. Based on our previous methodology, herein, we established a field-applicable wireless measurement system to simultaneously monitor the liquid level and density of corrosive molten salts at high temperatures. The accuracy and precision of the present technique were suitable for applications in harsh field processes. Regardless of the base pressure under the present experimental conditions, percentage differences compared with reliable reference values in the literature were less than 10% in the temperature range 773–1123K using KNO3 as a molten salt. Our dynamic bubbler technique produces an average percentage difference ca. 5–8% with a standard deviation of less than ca. 0.04gcm−3 between measured and literature density values in all experiments, whereas the standard deviations in all liquid level measurements were less than 0.3mm (0.07% relative standard deviation). The present technique is an excellent alternative to many conventional liquid level and density measurement techniques used under extreme environmental conditions characteristic of common industrial processes.