Winter wheat of the VIR collection in the Middle Cis-Ural region

Abstract

The aim of the study was to identify the sources of economically useful traits of winter wheat from the collection of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Federal Research Center All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources N.I. Vavilov ”(VIR) for adaptive breeding of this crop in the Middle Cis-Ural region. Highly productive varieties Harvard (k-66051 USA), Rasad (k-66087 Kazakhstan), Augusta (k-63929 Rostov region), Dominanta (k-64620 Rostov region) and AC Buteo (k-66054 Canada) were the most adaptive according to the method of L.A. Zhivotkova, Z.A. Morozova, L.I. Sekatueva (1994). But they were characterized by significant yield variability (V=36-130 %). Varieties Nastya (k-65675 Stavropol), WA007970 (k-66043 USA), AC Buteo, PA8769-158 (k-65943 USA), Ransom (k-65236 USA) and Farnum (k-65944 USA) showed high homeostaticity (Hom = 1.8-24.7). These varieties were the most productive and stable also according to the method of E.D. Nettevich, A.I. Morgunova, M.I. Maksimenko (1985). Varieties AC Buteo (6), WA007970 (15), PA8769-158 (16), Farnum (21), Ransom (21), Nastya (22) were distinguished by the sum of ranks; the sum of the ranks of the standard Moskovskaya 39 was 22. Sources of increased grain size (weight of 1000 grains 41.2-54.0 g) were identified - varieties Nemchinovskaya 17 (k-65756), Harvard, Rasad, Nureke (k-66088), Alija (k-66089), Avesta (k- 64491), Agra (k-64492), Shestopalivka (k-65060); grain content of a ear (30.9-47.3 pcs.) - Dzhangal (k-65610), Slavitsa (k-65656), Nastya, Alija. High grain glassiness of 90-100% for two years of study (2019-2020) was obtained in varieties Nastya, Farnum, WA007970, AC Buteo and Ransom.