WINTER CALENDER RITUAL AND ITS VERBALISATION IN PHRASIOLOGICAL POLISH LANGUAGE FUND

Abstract

In this article we consider a fragment of the phenomenon of the spiritual culture of Slavic people – winter cycle of the calendar ritual of Polish people and its reflection in semantics of ritual phraseology, the archaic basis of which represent mythological notions, prohibitions and beliefs of ancient Slavs. The aim of the work is to objective the symbolic meaning of ritual and festive calendar ceremonies in phraseology of the Polish language, that reflects the pagan and Christians faith of our ancestors. It is established, that despite of significant degree of evolutionary transformations, the rituals are preserved in polish culture genetically related mythological semantic and elements of archaic structures (in particular, the cycle of winter traditions combines a memorial character and transition to forming a new reality), and from the point of view of language expression they are presented by phraseological units, splices, word combinations and paremias. The research proves, that Polish national calendar is tightly connected with the Catholic one, which results in usage Christian lexis in phraseological units (trąbienie na adwent; rózga Mikołaja; obchodzić wigilię; boże drzewko; dzielić się (łamać) opłatkiem; stajenka betlejemska; Kto się zaleca w adwencie, bedzie miał żonę na święta. W wigilię Jędrzeja świętego ujrzymy oblubieńca swojego. Święty Mikołaj wilkom pyski na kłódki zamyka.). The semantics of ritual phraseology of the Polish language confirms the common archaic base in its different ways of expression, the differences we see in names of symbolic actions and ritual objects. We see the perspectives of the research in further studying of calendar rituals in phraseology of Slavic languages.