Abstract
In modern wind farms, maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is widely implemented. Using the MPPT method, each individual wind turbine is controlled by its pitch angle and tip speed ratio to generate the maximum active power. In a wind farm, the upstream wind turbine may cause power loss to its downstream wind turbines due to the wake effect. According to the wake model, downstream power loss is also determined by the pitch angle and tip speed ratio of the upstream wind turbine. By optimizing the pitch angle and tip speed ratio of each wind turbine, the total active power of the wind farm can be increased. In this paper, the optimal pitch angle and tip speed ratio are selected for each wind turbine by the exhausted search. Considering the estimation error of the wake model, a solution to implement the optimized pitch angle and tip speed ratio is proposed, which is to generate the optimal control curves for each individual wind turbine off-line. In typical wind farms with regular layout, based on the detailed analysis of the influence of pitch angle and tip speed ratio on the total active power of the wind farm by the exhausted search, the optimization is simplified with the reduced computation complexity. By using the optimized control curves, the annual energy production (AEP) is increased by 1.03% compared to using the MPPT method in a case-study of a typical eighty-turbine wind farm.
Highlights
In recent years, wind power has increasingly been integrated into the power system worldwide.According to the International Energy Agency (IEA) wind report [1], wind energy production provided close to 4% of the world’s electricity demand in 2015
Ct isfacility the farms iswhere recommended in thewind farms is recommended in the thrust coefficient of the upstream wind turbine, which is a function of the pitch angle and the tip
Due to the wake effect, there is a significant amount of power loss in large scale wind farms
Summary
Wind power has increasingly been integrated into the power system worldwide. In [14,15], online model free optimization methods are proposed to increase the total active power of the wind farm This method generates the optimal pitch angle and tip speed ratio for each wind turbine by the comparison of the active power of the wind turbine and of its neighborhood wind turbines. The optimal pitch angle and tip speed ratio of each wind turbine to maximize the total active power of the wind farm are selected by the exhausted search method. Compared with the method to implement the optimized pitch angle and tip speed ratio in the wind farm central controller, the active power reference will not be higher than the available active power.
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