Abstract
As California’s Renewables Portfolio Standard continues to phase power production from fossil fuels, carbon neutral sources will need to be implemented. This sets small-scale wind production and battery storage in a position to integrate into current grid infrastructure as means of production. This would be an “E Pluribus Unum” approach where many decentralized small production and storage units would act in combination to provide a stable grid. This is often referred to as distributed generation (DG). By distributing the grid’s production in this manner and designating predetermined regional hubs for control (in the event of a fractured grid due to natural disaster), the state and its residents will be able to maintain power for critical infrastructure and basic utilities. This work presents, in detail, a sustainable plan for achieving carbon neutral Californian grid by 2045.
Highlights
The climate is changing in a negative way because of the actions of humans, who have caused the CO2 concentration to rise; for the first time, on 9 May 2013, CO2 levels in the air reached above 400 parts per million
New storage options, new fuels, and investments are going to be the compass for this change. This could, in part, be accomplished with small-scale wind and grid-tied battery storage [7], but can it be done without storage [8]? In 2018, the California Energy Commission stated that wind production capacity was about 6 GW and accounted for only 7.3% of the state’s total power generation for that year, combined with very limited distributed storage facilities [9]
By distributing the power generation infrastructure, the risk associated with The use of mingcearotougrraaanlpddhii,scapssetoegsrmssicebanlntysb,oefsmmthienaislmlt-aistzece.adIlfeassmwsaaiilndl pdnoargttuieornanelsdroaifstatihsotenedrsicsaotrrueibptuyltpeeiddcanlwleytiwcthoonrkbfinaaetrtdeeatrofyfescmteadll, storage for meetingthtehnethSetraetmeaoinfdCeraclaifnobreniuaseRdPtoSmgeoeat ldeomf aandca, orbr ousnagneecuatnrbael cgornisdtrabiyne2d0t4o5esissential possible
Summary
The climate is changing in a negative way because of the actions of humans, who have caused the CO2 concentration to rise; for the first time, on 9 May 2013, CO2 levels in the air reached above 400 parts per million (ppm). This sets small-scale wind production and battery storage in a position to integrate into current grid infrastructure as means of production.
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