Abstract
As a result of the increased integration of power converter-connected variable speed wind generators (VSWG), which do not provide rotational inertia, concerns about the frequency stability of interconnected power systems permanently arise. If the inertia of a power system is insufficient, wind power plants’ participation in the inertial response should be required. A trendy solution for the frequency stability improvement in low inertia systems is based on utilizing so-called “synthetic” or “virtual” inertia from modern VSWG. This paper presents a control scheme for the virtual inertia response of wind power plants based on the center of inertia (COI) frequency of a control area. The PSS/E user written wind inertial controller based on COI frequency is developed using FORTRAN. The efficiency of the controller is tested and applied to the real interconnected power system of Southeast Europe. The performed simulations show certain conceptual advantages of the proposed controller in comparison to traditional schemes that use the local frequency to trigger the wind inertial response. The frequency response metrics, COI frequency calculation and graphical plots are obtained using Python.
Highlights
Over the last ten years, the structure and control of the electric power system (EPS) have changed dramatically due to the increased integration of variable power generation [1]
They will be mainly replaced by variable speed wind generators (VSWGs)
This paper presents the wind power plant (WPP) inertial response control scheme based on tracking the selected control area’s center of inertia (COI) frequency
Summary
Over the last ten years, the structure and control of the electric power system (EPS) have changed dramatically due to the increased integration of variable power generation (from wind and photovoltaic solar) [1]. Due to carbon pricing (e.g., emissions trading system, carbon taxes or EU Carbon Border Adjustment mechanism) and the aging of conventional thermal power plants (TPP), it is expected that coal-fired TPPs will decrease production or will be decommissioned (e.g., the recent case of Romania) They will be mainly replaced by variable speed wind generators (VSWGs). Emulated inertia controllers are mainly based on two different approaches: releasing hidden inertia and reserve capacity in pitch [18] Both methods have focused on developing inertial controllers that track frequency change at the point of common coupling (PCC) of WPP. This paper presents the WPP inertial response control scheme based on tracking the selected control area’s center of inertia (COI) frequency. The proposed wind inertial response control scheme based on the center of inertia frequency is introduced.
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