Abstract
Due to a rapid increase in the utilization of power converter-based renewable energy sources (RESs), the overall system inertia in an interconnected power system might be significantly reduced, increasing the vulnerability of the interconnected power system to the system instability. To overcome problems caused by the significant reduction in system inertia, this paper proposes a new application of virtual inertia control to improve frequency stability of the interconnected power system due to high penetration level of RESs. The derivative control technique is introduced for higher-level applications of virtual inertia emulation. Thus, the proposed virtual inertia control loop has a second-order characteristic, which provides a simultaneous enabling of damping and inertia emulations into the interconnected power system, enhancing frequency stability and resiliency. System modeling and simulation results are carried out using MATLAB/Simulink® (R2016b, MathWorks, Natick, MA, USA). Trajectory sensitivities are also performed to analyze the dynamic effects of virtual inertia control’s parameters on the system stability. The effectiveness of the virtual inertia control concept on stability improvement is verified through a multi-area test system with high RESs penetration level for different contingencies.
Highlights
The transition to a low carbon community is the driving force pushing conventional power systems to increase the number of renewable energy sources (RESs), which mainly apply power converters as an interface to the power-grid
The proposed virtual inertia control can effectively contribute to a better exploitation of RESs in the interconnected power systems, while maintaining the robustness of system operation
The results and discussion are divided into two sections: the first discusses the effects of virtual inertia control gains, including inertia itself, on the performance of the interconnected system; the second discusses the dynamic effects of frequency response of the system with virtual inertia control under severe test contingencies
Summary
The transition to a low carbon community is the driving force pushing conventional power systems to increase the number of renewable energy sources (RESs), which mainly apply power converters as an interface to the power-grid. The penetration of various RESs in modern interconnected power systems may cause a significant reduction in system inertia. As RESs transfer power to a multi-area power system using converters/inverters, such power electronic interfaces will decrease the total system inertia and lower the voltage/frequency stabilization compared to conventional synchronous generating units. A reduction of sufficient inertia will be one of the major limitations of the grid-connected RESs worldwide. By increasing RESs penetration presently, the inertia of the interconnected power system might be insufficient, creating dynamic issues to stabilize system voltage and frequency, and causing negative impacts on power system stability/resiliency [3,4]
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