Wind Catchers as Earth Building

Abstract

Ventilation and cooling systems are one of the most important components of buildings that are accountable for significant amount of energy in buildings which result in environmental pollution, greenhouse gas emission, and rising global temperature. Throughout the year, noise pollution caused by these facilities cannot be ignored. Mentioned demerits of ventilation and cooling systems are against the principles of sustainable development and green design. In the modern world, people spend a lot of time indoors, so indoor air quality is very important. It should be borne in mind that in natural air conditioning, the quality of ventilated air, the amount of noise and environmental pollution, and the amount of energy consumed are greatly reduced. One way of natural ventilation is to use wind catchers that can use artificial intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT) to enhance the performance of the ventilation system. In fact, by using technology to increase the efficiency of natural ventilation, the use of energy can also be minimized. Natural ventilation by wind catcher and solar chimneys is an environmentally friendly solution that can minimize the need for cooling equipment with energy use and high costs. This chapter is focused on natural ventilation in buildings and also considers the performance of smart buildings, along with presenting a comprehensive research in this field. Furthermore, evaluation of different natural ventilation and comparing the results with the goals of sustainable development and green design in architecture have been reviewed. Additionally, the traditional and historical elements of natural ventilation and their sustainability aspects have also been considered.