Abstract
In the context of competition between two ports in Cournot, we studied optimal decision-making processes for the government and the port in four different situations before and after the integration of the port based on the subsidy and carbon tax mechanism. We analyzed the impacts of the carbon tax rate and emission reduction subsidy rate on social welfare and determined the optimal carbon tax rate, the optimal emission reduction subsidy rate, the optimal carbon emission level, and the optimal social welfare level in different situations. We also compared the optimal social welfare level and the optimal carbon emission level of the four situations before and after the integration. This research can be used as a policy reference for the government for the formation of environmental policies based on the goal of maximizing social welfare, and it could also be used for the port’s internal decision-making when the environmental policy has been set.
Highlights
With the rapid growth of China’s foreign trade, the shipping industry has made considerable progress
This paper combines port integration with port carbon emissions and social welfare to explore whether port integration can help to improve social welfare and reduce port carbon emissions. e research results of this paper provide a policy reference that can be used by the government to formulate environmental policies to maximize social welfare as well as for the internal decision-making of a port when the environmental policy has been set
Using the context of competition between two ports in Cournot, we studied optimal decision-making by the government and the port in four different situations before and after the integration of the port based on the subsidy and carbon tax mechanism
Summary
With the rapid growth of China’s foreign trade, the shipping industry has made considerable progress. Is article focuses on whether the integration of ports can help to increase the overall social welfare and reduce carbon emissions. With the increase in global environmental problems, low-carbon environmental protection has become a mainstream element of social development, and having a lowcarbon supply chain is considered a critical direction for sustainable development [8,9,10,11]. Both governments and enterprises have attempted to increase green production and the low-carbon supply [12,13,14,15]. This paper combines port integration with port carbon emissions and social welfare to explore whether port integration can help to improve social welfare and reduce port carbon emissions. e research results of this paper provide a policy reference that can be used by the government to formulate environmental policies to maximize social welfare as well as for the internal decision-making of a port when the environmental policy has been set
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
