Wideband high-gain low-profile series-fed antenna integrated with optimized metamaterials for 5G millimeter wave applications.

Abstract

This paper presents a series-fed four-dipole antenna with a broad bandwidth, high gain, and compact size for 5G millimeter wave (mm-wave) applications. The single dipole antenna provides a maximum gain of 6.2 dBi within its operational bandwidth, which ranges from 25.2 to 32.8GHz. The proposed approach to enhance both gain and bandwidth involves a series-fed antenna design. It comprises four dipoles with varying lengths, and a truncated ground plane. These dipoles are connected in series on both sides, running in parallel through a microstrip line. The proposed design significantly enhances the bandwidth, which extends from 26.5 to 40GHz. This frequency range effectively covers the 5G bands of 28 and 38GHz. The expedited trust-region (TR) gradient-based search algorithm is utilized to optimize the dimensions of the antenna components, resulting in a maximum gain of 11.2 dBi at 38GHz. To further enhance the gain, modified H-shaped metamaterial (MTM)-based unit cells are integrated into the antenna substrate. The TR algorithm is employed once more to optimize the MTM dimensions, yielding a maximum gain of 15.1 dBi at 38GHz. The developed system is experimentally validated, showing excellent agreement between the simulated and measured data.