Abstract
In this paper, a reflector antenna with a cosecant-squared and wide beam pattern is presented. The cosecant-squared antennas with different structures were reported to achieve a pencil beam area in azimuth direction but in this paper, a cosecant-squared antenna with a half beam angle of 33° was successfully synthesised. Such a wide beam pattern at the azimuth plane provides an appropriate coverage area for detection. A particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to synthesis the reflector surface of the antenna with respect to obtaining the desired cosecant-squared pattern. Tuning and finalizing the antenna structure have been done by using numerical full wave simulation. Finally, the designed antenna has been fabricated and tested in the far-field measurement setup. There is a good agreement between simulation and measurement results.
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