Abstract
This paper presents the formulation of Wide Area Control (WAC) signals for either coordinating all the governors of the system or coordinating simultaneously both the governor and the Power System Stabilizer (PSS) of each generator. This is achieved through the development of suitable WAC signals intended for the coordination of their common input signal (rotor speed deviation) having as objective the compensation of all the local and inter-area oscillations. Furthermore, an adaptive tuning method to estimate weights for each inter-generator interaction is also presented. This is required to regulate adaptively the level of the WAC contribution to all the local controllers. The weights are computed according to the electric connectivity between the generators. For the evaluation of the proposed methods, both offline and real-time simulations are performed on the IEEE 39-bus test system. The results indicate the substantial improvement of the system’s stability when the proposed governor/PSS coordination is considered. The performance of the WAC scheme is further increased when the adaptive tuning procedure is applied. Finally, the requirement of having PMUs at each generator bus is relaxed by utilizing the coherency concept.
Highlights
I NTER-AREA oscillations have become one of the major challenges that modern power systems have to confront
This paper presents the development of an adaptive tuning methodology to regulate the contribution of the Wide Area Control (WAC) signals
The proposed adaptive tuning method is based on weights that are calculated through the wide area measurements and the electric connectivity between the generators
Summary
I NTER-AREA oscillations have become one of the major challenges that modern power systems have to confront. It is a common practice to regulate the coordination signals provided by the wide area controller (e.g., [4], [15], [16]) in order to avoid high control efforts and high contribution levels This is accomplished by adding a constant gain at the output of the WAC. The main contributions of this paper are: 1) the development of a new methodology for the coordination of the governors, 2) the simultaneous coordination of both the governor and the PSS through a single WAC signal, 3) the development of an adaptive self-tuning algorithm for the online regulation of the WAC contribution level, 4) the reduction of the required synchronized measurements through coherency, and 5) the validation of the proposed scheme through real-time simulations. The contributions of this work improve considerably the WAC performance under various contingencies, in the presence of dynamic loads as well as realistic measurement errors
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