Abstract
In this paper, a wide-angle frequency-scanning array antenna is presented for three-dimensional (3D) radar. Initially, a modified composite right/left-handed (CRLH) unit cell based on a dual-layer finger-connected interdigital capacitor (FCIDC) is analyzed. Compared with its conventional counterpart, the proposed unit cell eliminates the undesired high-order resonances and has a lower right/left-handed passband. Then, a broadband frequency-scanning feeding network, which has a large scanning angle, is designed using the proposed CRLH unit cell. The responses of the four output ports indicate that the network can offer desired amplitude and phase difference to scan towards both negative and positive elevation angles. To validate its performance, a tightly coupled planar quasi-Yagi antenna array is fed to synthesize an array antenna. The measured results show that the designed array antenna has an impedance bandwidth ($\vert \text{S}_{11}\vert <; -10$ dB) of 118.7% (2.55-10 GHz) and gains larger than 5dBi in the bulk of the band. Besides, the radiated beam can scan from -47° to 46° continuously when the frequency ranges from 3GHz to 9GHz.
Highlights
Frequency-scanning antenna array presents its good potential in three-dimensional (3D) radar, because of its many advantages such as low cost, stable operation and large scanning beam angles
In [16], a wide-area innovative beam-scanning Leaky-wave antenna (LWA) for millimetre-wave applications is designed based on composite right/left-handed (CRLH)-metamaterial
Using the CRLH-TLs to design a feeding network provides a new method for frequency-scanning phased-array
Summary
Frequency-scanning antenna array presents its good potential in three-dimensional (3D) radar, because of its many advantages such as low cost, stable operation and large scanning beam angles. In [16], a wide-area innovative beam-scanning LWA for millimetre-wave applications is designed based on CRLH-metamaterial These antennas present good performances in leaky wave, the radiated type is determined when the structure is fixed. Using the CRLH-TLs to design a feeding network provides a new method for frequency-scanning phased-array. In [21], a planar 2-D antenna array, which can be used for radar or imaging applications with the appropriate transmit/receive circuitry, is designed using CRLH-TLs for series feeding network It can only operate in narrow band. Used in wideband radar systems that require a large scanning angle range
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