Why do small states matter in Bay of Bengal geopolitics? The case of Sri Lanka

Abstract

ABSTRACT Bay of Bengal is emerging as an important geopolitical theatre in the twenty first century in parallel to the developments in the broader Indo-Pacific region. In parallel to this development small states, especially the small island states situated in geographically strategic locations are emerging as strategic objects that can be shaped and used in various ways to enhance major powers’ strategic positions. Amidst this backdrop, this paper locates Sri Lanka within the Bay of Bengal geopolitical discourse. It argues that Sri Lanka, a strategically located island state, is emerging as an important partner, especially as a port, for the Asian powers who are competing to gain influence. It contributes to the growing literature on small states and establishes that the importance of small island states located in strategic geographical locations increases as they can be used as strategic ports for the great powers.