Abstract
Over the past few decades, a significant increase in multi-drug-resistant pathogenic microorganisms has been of great concern and directed the research subject to the challenges that the distribution of resistance genes represent. Globally, high levels of multi-drug resistance represent a significant health threat and there is a growing requirement of rapid, accurate, real-time detection which plays a key role in tracking of measures for the infections caused by these bacterial strains. It is also important to reduce transfer of resistance genes to new organisms. The, World Health Organization has informed that millions of deaths have been reported each year recently. To detect the resistant organisms traditional detection approaches face limitations, therefore, newly developed technologies are needed that are suitable to be used in large-scale applications. In the present study, the aim was to design a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor with micro-contact imprinted sensor chips for the detection of Staphylococcus aureus. Whole cell imprinting was performed by N-methacryloyl-L-histidine methyl ester (MAH) under UV polymerization. Sensing experiments were done within a concentration range of 1.0 × 102–2.0 × 105 CFU/mL. The recognition of S. aureus was accomplished by the involvement of microcontact imprinting and optical sensor technology with a detection limit of 1.5 × 103 CFU/mL. Selectivity of the generated sensor was evaluated through injections of competing bacterial strains. The responses for the different strains were compared to that of S. aureus. Besides, real experiments were performed with milk samples spiked with S. aureus and it was demonstrated that the prepared sensor platform was applicable for real samples.
Highlights
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is one of the most important pathogenic strains causing both hospital-acquired and community-acquired infections that are difficult to treat due to the multi-drug resistance [1,2]
Accurate, rapid, early detection is of great concern and has a crucial role in taking measurements to prevent the spreading of the causative agents of dangerous diseases [32]
Detection is generally needed for the diagnostics of infections and search the risk factors of pathogenic bacterial strains in contaminated samples or area
Summary
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is one of the most important pathogenic strains causing both hospital-acquired and community-acquired infections that are difficult to treat due to the multi-drug resistance [1,2]. It is necessary to detect this causative microorganism quickly and reliably in order to treat the infections effectively. Food products and natural sources are complex media and the concentration of the target microorganisms is generally very low. From this point of view, rapid, sensitive, selective, and low-cost detection of these agents is of great importance [3]. The increased frequency of S. aureus with severe infections and even deaths strengthen the requirement of rapid, accurate, and early detection clear [4]
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