Which diversity factors influence the attribution of competences and co-operation in nursing teams?

Abstract

Abstract Background Diversity within nursing teams increases due to staff shortages in Germany, nurse migration and the current academization of the profession. Quality of patient care is associated with intraprofessional teamwork. Little is known about how nurse’s own diversity factors and those of team members impact nurse’s perception and behavior in team situations. Methods A quasi-experimental, cross-sectional study with a factorial online survey with fictional case studies (vignettes) was conducted in two German hospital operators in 2023. Nurses of legal age working in hospitals or nursing homes were eligible to participate. Associations of diversity factors, i.e., gender, age, migration background, and qualification, on the participant and vignette level on perceived competences and willingness to cooperate were preliminary analyzed via multi-level fixed effects models in SPSS. Results N = 684 nurses participated (76% female; mean age: 44.2 years; 88% born in Germany; 75% completed vocational training). Competency of team members in patient’s personal hygiene was rated higher by respondents born in Germany (.36), when fictional colleagues were of middle age (.06) compared to higher age and were from Germany (.22) or France (.08) compared to China. Competency in inserting infusions was rated higher by respondents born in Germany (.56), when fictional colleagues were from Germany (.29) or France (.20) compared to China and when one worked together for months compared to days (-.39). Willingness to swap shifts was affected by the fictional length of collaboration (-.08). All significance levels were p<.02. Conclusions How nurses perceive their colleagues’ competences is mainly influenced by their own and the other’s migration background, while willingness to cooperate is only affected by length of collaboration. Improving the onboarding process of new nurses in teams, and providing the time and space for professional exchange might improve mutual trust and teamwork. Key messages • Diversity in German nursing teams increases due to nurse migration and plurality of qualifications. • Facilitating professional exchange about individual competences might improve team work in nurses.