Abstract
The present study was carried out to evaluate the antioxidant property of whey protein and/or Nigella sativa Oil (NSO) against hepatotoxicity evoked by potassium dichromate (K 2 Cr 2 O 7 ). Designed for this purpose, we detected the 8 weeks challenge result of whey protein (100 and 200 mg/kg, p.o) with/or without Nigella sativa oil (5ml/kg, p.o) in contradiction of poisoned albino rats with one dose of potassium dichromate (30mg/Kg, I.P) at the end of challenge period. Concerning plasma level, whey protein with/or without Nigella sativa oil were ameliorated the potassium dichromate liver damage concerns, so it exhibited a major progress in Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), Alanine Amino Transferase (ALT), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), and Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase (GGT). Moreover, whey protein or Nigella sativa oil reduce the deleterious effects of potassium dichromate on Triiodothyronine (T3), Thyroxine (T4), Thyroidstimulating Hormone (TSH), glucose and Complete Blood Count (CBC). In addition, they displayed an important improvement in hepatic antioxidant enzymes, Catalase (CAT) and Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) beside reduced Glutathione (GSH), and with a subsequent decrease in Malondialdehyde (MDA) or Nitric Oxide (NO) levels in comparison with the untreated K 2 Cr 2 O 7 group. Also, whey protein with/or without Nigella sativa oil improve the histopathological alterations produced by the potassium dichromate. These outcomes suggest that whey protein or Nigella sativa oil can be used as effective antioxidant aginst potassium dichromate intoxication as they modulate liver function and decrease oxidative stress.
Highlights
Human beings are subjected to a number of diverse chemicals that harm the liver
Since whey protein and the Nigella sativa oil were appeared selected as essential supplements, the aim of our study is the evaluation of their proficiency to repairing liver injury and alleviating hematotoxicity accompanying potassium dichromate complications
The poisoning of animals with potassium dichromate, animals displayed a condition of hepatotoxicity which was established by a substantial up-shot of plasma AST, ALT, Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase (GGT), and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) levels in relation with normal group
Summary
The liver has a noteable role in the metabolism of xenobiotics let this organ liable to injury by chemicals to which we are exposed. The pathogenesis of most chemical-induced liver injuries is commenced by the metabolic transformation of chemicals into reactive intermediate species, such as free radicals, that can probably modify the structure and function of cellular macromolecules. Many reactive intermediate species can produce oxidative stress[1]. One of these hazardous hepatotoxic complexes is potassium dichromate, it is a powerful reacting mediator exhibiting a noticeable attraction, when converted to trivalent chromium (Cr+3) through several cell reactions, to form a number of compounds with varied organic roots, together with nucleic acids[2]. Chromium triggered the production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) which generate various poisonous properties, as well as DNA damage and phospholipid peroxidation that triggering hepatotoxicity[3]
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