Whether Can Wall Masonry of Ceramic Hollow Stone Has Plasticity

Abstract

The results of domestic and foreign experimental studies of masonry made of large-format ceramic hollow bricks and stones with voidness of up to 54% on the effect of static load during compression are analyzed. They confirmed the conclusions made by Russian scientists in the 1950s-1960s when developing the theory of stone masonry. Based on the analysis of the nature of deformation of the masonry of the large stone and the use of modern approaches to the assessment of the process of crack formation and failure of masonry the possibility of her plastic deformations is assessed. It is shown that the masonry of ceramic large-format stone refers to brittle materials. Based on the analysis of the test results, it is noted that according to the theory of plastic media, there is the simplest model of destruction of masonry during loading, in which plastic deformation can occur in the local zones of the element (crack zones). In this case, the bulk of the body (sample) is in an elastic state. The fallacy of the proposed approach to the estimation of the coefficient of plasticity of masonry, with due regard for the ratio of elastic and total deformations of masonry is noted. It is established that the proposals of individual authors to assess the plasticity of the wall masonry of ceramic brick and large-format ceramic stone with voidness of more than 40 % are incorrect and does not meet the work of the masonry of hollow material. On the basis of a large number of research works, it is concluded that the appearance and development of cracks and damage in the masonry is associated with the effects of its brittle destruction, and the masonry of large-format hollow stone refers to brittle materials.