Abstract
This paper analyzes ethnic segregation across the whole activity space—at place of residence, place of work, and during free-time. We focus on interethnic meeting potential during free-time, measured as copresence, and its relationship to copresence at place of residence and work. The study is based on cellphone data for a medium-sized linguistically divided European city (Tallinn, Estonia), where the Estonian majority and mainly Russian-speaking minority populations are of roughly equal size. The results show that both places of residence and work are segregated, while other activities occur in a far more integrated environment. Copresence during free-time is positively associated with copresence at place of residence and work, however, the relationship is very weak.
Highlights
Segregation research is typically focused on places of residence
Three types of places/activity sites are distinguished in the daily activity space: those related to residence, those related to business, and free–time activities [4]
We distinguish between copresence of Estonian-speakers (ET-ET), Russian-speakers (RU-RU) and between Estonian-speakers and Russian-speakers (ET-RU)
Summary
Segregation research is typically focused on places of residence. This is because common datasets typically only include information on where people live, resulting in what is sometimes called the analysis of “sleeping population” [1]. The activity-based approach in segregation studies relates the spatial routines of people not just to their homes but to their other meaningful places as well [2, 3]. This approach distinguishes three main activity types: those related to home, work, and free–time activities [4]. Research shows that the share of daily hours devoted to leisure time has significantly increased in modern societies, and that these three activities cluster in space in different ways [6]
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