Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To analyze aspects related with wheelchair propulsion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In order to delineate this review the search for information was carried out within electronics databases, using the following descriptors: "wheelchair propulsion", "wheelchair biomechanics" e "wheelchair users". Full papers published in English and French were included in the study. RESULTS: The wheelchair propulsion is a complex movement that requires the execution of repeated bi manual forces applications during a short time period. In this movement high levels of force must be produced due to the bad mechanical performance of the wheelchair. Could be characterized that wheelchair users are not satisfied with their wheelchair, the places are not adapted to their presence and lack of specific criteria for the adjustment of this equipment. The main points to look at are the seat height in relation to elbow flexion (100-120 degrees) with his hand in the propulsion rim and tire pressure. The semicircular mode of technique propulsion seems to be more appropriate; in this pattern the wheelchair user returns his hand under the rim after propulsion. Efforts in wheelchairs are high and the incidence of injuries in wheelchair users is high. CONCLUSION: One can conclude that in spite of researchers’ efforts there are still many divergences between topics and methods of evaluation, what makes difficult to apply the experimental results to the wheelchairs users’ daily life.
Highlights
Boninger et al [29], ao utilizarem as cadeira de rodas manual (CRM) dos próprios indivíduos fixadas por um sistema ergométrico a rolos e trocando as rodas originais por rodas dinamométricas a seis componentes, identificaram que a maioria dos sujeitos (58%) do estudo propelem com o mesmo padrão em ambos os lados e a uma mesma velocidade
The push force pattern in manual wheelchair propulsion as a balance between cost and effect
Summary
As CRMs são utilizadas para aumentar a funcionalidade e a independência dos indivíduos tanto em casa como na comunidade. Em uma enquete, relataram: “as CRMs são pesadas e difíceis de manobrar”; “suas dimensões não são ideais para transpor barreiras ambientais como portas, corredores e escadas”. Há também os problemas relacionados aos maus ajustes da CRM e à ausência de critérios para a prescrição de treinamento. Ou ajustar as CRMs. A dor e o comprometimento dos membros superiores também são problemas relatados por mais de 70% dos cadeirantes [6, 7, 9]. Outra enquete realizada sobre a satisfação com equipamentos tecnológicos utilizados por indivíduos tetraplégicos na França [10], entre 1998 e 2004, mostrou que 42% dos entrevistados possuíam duas CRMs, uma manual e outra elétrica. Entre os fatores que influenciariam na aquisição de novos equipamentos, os principais seriam a idade dos indivíduos e o tempo da doença, do acidente de trabalho ou do nível de lesão medular
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