Wheat Bran Extract Regulates Mast Cell-Mediated Allergic Responses In Vitro and In Vivo.

Jae Yeon Lee,Joa Sub Oh,Eun-Kyung Ahn,Ju-Hyoung Park

doi:10.3390/molecules25173997

Jae Yeon Lee, Joa Sub Oh + Show 2 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25173997

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Abstract

In the present study the effects and molecular mechanisms of wheat bran (WB), the hard outer layer of the wheat kernel used in food ingredients, on mast cell-mediated allergic responses in vitro and in vivo were investigated. The water extract of WB inhibited degranulation and expression of allergic and inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor-α, cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase in antigen-stimulated RBL-2H3 cells. These anti-allergic activities of WB were mediated by the inactivation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, which play important roles in degranulation and expression of various allergic and inflammatory molecules. In agreement with its in vitro effects, WB inhibited immunoglobulin E (IgE)/antigen-induced and compound 48/80-induced anaphylactic reactions in vivo. Taken together, these findings suggest the pharmacological potential of WB in the regulation of allergic diseases, including allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, asthma and anaphylaxis.

Highlights

Allergic diseases such as atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis and asthma are induced by hypersensitive immune reactions to normally harmless substances in the environment, foods or drugs [1,2,3]
Wheat bran (WB), which is a by-product in the process of milling, has been used as a food
Wheat bran (WB), which is a by-product in the process of milling, has been used as a food ingredient or a prebiotic

Summary

Introduction

Allergic diseases such as atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis and asthma are induced by hypersensitive immune reactions to normally harmless substances (allergens) in the environment, foods or drugs [1,2,3]. These over-reactive, inappropriate immune responses are associated with genetic and/or environmental factors [3,4]. Allergen-mediated aggregation of IgE high affinity receptors (FcεRI) on mast cells triggers the degranulation and secretion of various allergic mediators such as histamine, inflammatory cytokines and enzymes, suggesting the rational strategy and pharmacological efficacy of FcεRI signaling pathway-targeted therapeutics for the treatment of acute and chronic allergic reactions [5,6]. Complementary and alternative medicines are appreciated as one of the potent and promising strategies for the development of anti-allergic therapeutics

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