What we are pushed to do versus what we want to do: Comparing the unique effects of citizenship pressure and actual citizenship behavior on fatigue and family behaviors

Abstract

Past research has distinguished between organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs), which refer to willful extra-role behaviors, and citizenship pressure – the perceived pressure to engage in these behaviors. Although citizenship pressure can be seen as a precursor to OCBs, it is also considered a stressing demand (and evidence for the association between these two citizenship constructs is mixed); thus, in the current research we examine citizenship pressure and OCB as independent constructs and compare their effects on relevant outcomes. Drawing on the Model of Human Energy (Quinn, Spreitzer, & Lam, 2012) as our overarching framework for this research, we hypothesize that both daily citizenship pressure and OCB lead to greater fatigue – an indicator of perceptions of resource threat or depletion – and that these relationships will be moderated by sleep quality that the employees had the night before. We further predict that fatigue will have negative effects on spouses' reports regarding employees' engagement in social activities with them in the evening, and that this relationship will be moderated by spousal recovery support provision. We test our hypotheses in a sample of professionals using Experience Sampling Methodology. Findings and implications, as well as directions for future research, are discussed.