Abstract
GII.2[P16] noroviruses (NoV) reemerged and rapidly became the main epidemic strain in acute gastroenteritis (AGE) outbreaks in Asian countries since 2016. The current GII.2 [P16] NoV showed the same antigenicity to the ones before 2016, but several unique amino acid substitutions existed in the RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and other non-structural proteins, and the viral load of the current GII.2[P16] NoV was higher than those of other genotypes, it was estimated that the viral replication ability may have improved. However, other genotypes, such as GII.1 and GII.3, also had recombination with the novel RdRp, were not prevalent in AGE-outbreaks; thus, it was inferred that the capsid proteins also played an important role in the enhanced replication process. The viral infection could also be affected by other factors, such as the population genetic background, the climate and environment, and people’s lifestyles. Continued surveillance on genetic diversity and evolutionary pattern for the GII.2[P16] NoV is necessary.
Highlights
Human norovirus (NoV) is the leading cause of epidemics of viral acute gastroenteritis (AGE) worldwide, affecting people in all age groups
Data showed that NoVs were genetically diverse and played an increasingly important role in the etiology of AGE in China [1], among which GII.2[P16] recombinant NoV reemerged and caused outbreaks in some Asian countries like China and Japan in 2016
We summarized and analyzed the major potential reasons for the reemergence and the prevalence of GII.2[P16] NoV
Summary
Human norovirus (NoV) is the leading cause of epidemics of viral acute gastroenteritis (AGE) worldwide, affecting people in all age groups. Data showed that NoVs were genetically diverse and played an increasingly important role in the etiology of AGE in China [1], among which GII.2[P16] recombinant NoV reemerged and caused outbreaks in some Asian countries like China and Japan in 2016. The mechanism behind the sudden epidemic is poorly characterized. We summarized and analyzed the major potential reasons for the reemergence and the prevalence of GII.2[P16] NoV
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