Abstract
In archaeology, identifying what is local or not is crucial for defining interaction systems and interpreting sociocultural, economic, or political relationships. The review presented here examines the concept of “local” in ceramic analysis, when no direct evidence of production exists. Various North American and European research frameworks are examined, illustrated with several studies worldwide. The discussion is oriented toward the interpretation of ceramic data in Andean archaeology, emphasizing ethnographic and archaeological cases from the Andes. A shift in Andean ceramic studies is emerging, which takes into consideration the concepts of production styles, technological communities, and the construction of identity. Style and abundance are no longer secure criteria, and a contextual, multi-angle approach to the question of what is local is suggested.
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