Weed Interference in Semi-Erect and Semi-Prostate Cowpea Cultivars

T.S Castro,J.M.A Alves,P.R.R Rocha,J.A.A Albuquerque,G.F Barreto,S.S Maia

doi:10.1590/s0100-83582019370100080

T.S Castro, J.M.A Alves + Show 4 more

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https://doi.org/10.1590/s0100-83582019370100080

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Journal: Planta Daninha	Publication Date: Jan 1, 2019
Citations: 2	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Universidade Federal de Roraima

Abstract

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to determine weed interference periods in semi-erect and semi-prostrate cowpea cultivars. Two simultaneous experiments were conducted with the cowpea cultivars BRS Guariba (semi-erect) and BRS Aracê (semi-prostrate). The experimental design was a randomized block design with four replications in a 7 × 2 factorial scheme, seven periods × two weed management (control and coexistence). Control and coexistence periods consisted of 0, 0-8, 0-16, 0-24, 0-32, 0-45, and 0-60 days after emergence (DAE) for the semi-erect cultivar and 0, 0-8, 0-16, 0-24, 0-32, 0-45, and 0-64 DAE for the semi-prostrate cultivar. Competition throughout the cycle reduced productivity by up to 39.81% for BRS Guariba and 37.27% for BRS Aracê. The cultivars BRS Guariba and BRS Aracê presented critical period of interference prevention of 9 to 41 DAE and 15 to 32 DAE, respectively. The semi-prostrate cultivar BRS Aracê was more competitive with weeds, requiring a shorter control period to express maximum productivity.

Highlights

This study aimed to determine weed interference periods in semi-erect and semi-prostrate cowpea cultivars
O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados com quatro repetições, em esquema fatorial 7 × 2, sete períodos × duas formas de manejo das plantas daninhas
Eighteen species were identified in the survey carried out in the experiment with the cowpea cultivar BRS Guariba: Acanthospermum hispidum, Amaranthus deflexus, Boerhavia diffusa, Cenchrus echinatus, Chamaesyce hirta, Cyperus sp., Desmodium sp., Desmodium tortuosum, Digitaria horizontalis, Digitaria insularis, Emilia coccinea, Mimosa invisa, Mimosa pudica, Phyllanthus niruri, Sida rhombifolia, Sida sp., Sida glaziovii, and one unidentified species belonging to nine families, especially Fabaceae, Poaceae, and Malvaceae

Summary

Introduction

This study aimed to determine weed interference periods in semi-erect and semi-prostrate cowpea cultivars. Two simultaneous experiments were conducted with the cowpea cultivars BRS Guariba (semi-erect) and BRS Aracê (semi-prostrate). The semiprostrate cultivar BRS Aracê was more competitive with weeds, requiring a shorter control period to express maximum productivity. BRS Aracê de porte semiprostrado foi mais competitivo com as plantas daninhas, necessitando de menor período de controle para expressar a máxima produtividade. Walp.) is one of the widely cultivated crops in tropical and subtropical regions, being a staple food essential for food security. It stands out in the economic aspect, being an essential source of employment and income for the peoples of these regions (Lima et al, 2013). Low productivities are due to constraints such as low soil fertility, inadequate cropping techniques, climate restrictions, insufficient and poorly distributed precipitation, and biological restrictions caused by pests, diseases, and weeds (Abadassi, 2015)

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