Wearable monitoring of positive and negative myoclonus in progressive myoclonic epilepsy type 1

Abstract

ObjectiveTo develop and test wearable monitoring of surface electromyography and motion for detection and quantification of positive and negative myoclonus in patients with progressive myoclonic epilepsy type 1 (EPM1). MethodsSurface electromyography and three-dimensional acceleration were measured from 23 EPM1 patients from the biceps brachii (BB) of the dominant and the extensor digitorum communis (EDC) of the non-dominant arm for 48 hours. The patients self-reported the degree of myoclonus in a diary once an hour. Severity of myoclonus with action was evaluated by using video-recorded Unified Myoclonus Rating Scale (UMRS). Correlations of monitored parameters were quantified with the UMRS scores and the self-reported degrees of myoclonus. ResultsThe monitoring-based myoclonus index correlated significantly (p < 0.001) with the UMRS scores (ρ = 0.883 for BB and ρ = 0.823 for EDC) and with the self-reported myoclonus degrees (ρ = 0.483 for BB and ρ = 0.443 for EDC). Ten patients were assessed as probably having negative myoclonus in UMRS, while our algorithm detected that in twelve patients. ConclusionsWearable monitoring was able to detect both positive and negative myoclonus in EPM1 patients. SignificanceOur method is suitable for quantifying objective, real-life treatment effects at home and progression of myoclonus.