WAYS OF INTENSIFICATION OF PRODUCTION HERB SEEDS

Abstract

The main reason holding back the development of seed production is the agro-technical and physical-technical features of plants and, in fact, seeds. There are no special combines for harvesting grass seeds yet, so it is recommended to use serial combine harvesters equipped with special devices to harvest them. The main directions of improving the process of seed heap treatment on stationary is the intensification of the process of primary cleaning of seeds and their wiping from beans, which provides an opportunity to increase the productivity of the technological line and reduce the complexity of the process. The paper compared the six most common technologies for harvesting alfalfa seeds by the following individual indicators: operating costs (UAH / ha), energy consumption (MJ / ha), metal consumption (kg / ha), crop losses (kg / ha). The best results of complex comparison are in those technologies that process all collected seed mass into stationary ones. The authors developed the design of a grater device with horizontal grater discs. To obtain new scientific data on the physical process of wiping seeds from beans and to study the patterns that occur, experimental studies were conducted that allowed to obtain rational design and technological parameters of the wiping process. One of the ways to intensify the process of production of legume seeds is a combination of technological processes of wiping and separation in one machine. Analysis of various separating devices showed that machines with a rotating sieve of cylindrical or conical shape are best suited for this purpose. Extending the residence time of the material on the sieve by applying a conical surface increases the yield of pure seeds, and also contributes to the uniform loading of the sieve surface, which improves the quality of the source material.