Abstract
This paper attempts to analyze one of the main topics in the ‘Ulūm Al-Qurān (Quranic Sciences), namely nāsikh and mansūkh or theory of abrogation. The study of this concept is very important for an interpreter to avoid mistakes in understanding the verses of the Qur'an. In general, classical scholars understand the study of naskh in terms of the timing of the decline of verses makkīyah and madanīyah. The polemic between supporters and rejecters of the theory of naskh colored the literature of the Ulūm Al-Qurān since the classical period to the present. The majority of classical scholars accepted the concept of nāsikh-mansūkh, even as a form of miracles of the Qur'an. Unlike the minority groups who did not accept the concept of nāsikh-mansūkh, for them, all the verses of the Qur'an have their respective contexts. All verses are used because there is no way the verses of the Qur'an can be ignored. However, the past naskh theory was deemed irrelevant by Maḥmūd Muḥammad Ṭāhā and Abdullahi Ahmed An-Naim. These two Sudanese thinkers put more emphasized on universal basic values contained in the verses of the Qur'an. So, it could be verses makkīyah abrogated verses madanīyah. Ṭāhā and An-Naim want to grounded the universal teachings of Islam, and that can be found in the verses of makkīyah, not madanīyah. This is one of the unique thoughts of the two Sudan thinkers. They want to emphasized gender equality, social justice, social transformation, from reluctance to liberation. The point is that they want the basic values that are universal to be applied in the lives of Muslim communities, not those that are particular. The verses that contain universal basic values was found in the makkīyah, not the madanīyah
Highlights
This paper attempts to analyze one of the main topics in the ‘Ulūm AlQurān (Quranic Sciences), namely nāsikh and mansūkhor theory of abrogation
Dari sinilah An-Naim mulai mereformasi pemikirannya dalam buku Toward an Islamic Reformation: Civil Liberties, Human Right, and International Law (Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 1990) Buku ini kemudian diterjemahkan ke dalam bahasa Indonesia oleh Ahmad Suaedy dan Amiruddin Arrani dengan judul Dekonstruksi Syari’ah: Wacana Kebebasan Sipil, Hak Asasi Manusia dan Hubungan Internasional dalam Islam (Yogyakarta: LKiS, 1994)
_______al-Baḥr al-Muḥīṭ fī Uṣūl al-Fiqh, ditaḥqīq oleh Muḥammad bin Muḥammad Tāmir, Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-‘Ilmīyah, cet-I, 1434 H/2013 M
Summary
Dalam studi Ilmu Al-Qur’an dan Hadis, hampir semua cabang ilmunya diperselisihkan oleh ulama, tak terkecuali masalah naskh. Dari sinilah An-Naim mulai mereformasi pemikirannya dalam buku Toward an Islamic Reformation: Civil Liberties, Human Right, and International Law (Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 1990) Buku ini kemudian diterjemahkan ke dalam bahasa Indonesia oleh Ahmad Suaedy dan Amiruddin Arrani dengan judul Dekonstruksi Syari’ah: Wacana Kebebasan Sipil, Hak Asasi Manusia dan Hubungan Internasional dalam Islam (Yogyakarta: LKiS, 1994). Salah satu buku Turabi yang diterjemahkan ke dalam bahasa Indonesia politik.32Selain menuangkan pemikiran-pemikirannya dalam bentuk buku, untuk menunjang karir intelektual-akademiknya, An-Naim juga menjadi editor jurnal dan buku-buku yang terkait dengan hukum Islam secara umum. Secara umum pemikiran Abu Zaid tentang konsep Al-Qur’an dan ilmunya, lihat dalam bukunya,Mafhūm alNaṣṣ: Dirāsahfī ‘Ulūm al-Qur’ān(Beirut: Markaz al-Ṡaqāfī al-Arabī, cet-V, 2008).Buku ini telah diterjemahkan ke dalam bahasa Indonesia oleh Khoiron Nahdliyyin dengan judul Tekstualitas AlQur’an: Kritik Terhadap Ulumul Qur’an (Yogyakarta: LKiS, cet-I, 2001). Lihat juga Hilman Latief, Nasr Hamid Abu Zaid: Kritik Teks Keagamaan (Yogyakarta: eLSAQ Press, cet-I, 2003)
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