Abstract
Arrayed waveguide gratings (AWGs) are widely used as (de)multiplexers in wavelength-division-multiplexed optical communication systems and as integrated spectrometers in optical sensing and imaging systems. Lithium niobate integrated photonics is a burgeoning field due to many excellent optical properties of lithium niobate and rapid development of wafer processing technologies. Here, we introduced a new strategy of low-loss waveguiding on an etchless lithium niobate integrated platform for realizing high-performance AWGs thereon. We experimentally demonstrated 4-, 8-, and 16-channel AWGs operating in both telecom and near-visible wavelength bands on the etchless lithium-niobate-on-insulator platform. All the channels have insertion losses below 9.1 dB and crosstalks less than −12.8 dB in the designed wavelength bands. With advantages of an ultrawide transparency window and strong electro-optic and nonlinear optical coefficients of lithium niobate, the demonstrated AWGs will find wide applications in on-chip high-capacity optical interconnects, ultrafast bioimaging, LiDAR, and astronomical spectrographs.
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