Abstract
9-channel Arrayed Waveguide Grating (AWG) demultiplexer for conventional and tapered structure were simulated using beam propagation method (BPM) with channel spacing of 20 nm. The AWG demultiplexer was design using high refractive index (n~3.47) material namely silicon-on-insulator (SOI) with rib waveguide structure. The characteristics of insertion loss, adjacent crosstalk and output spectrum response at central wavelength of 1.55 μm for both designs were compared and analyzed. The conventional AWG produced a minimum insertion loss of 6.64 dB whereas the tapered AWG design reduced the insertion loss by 2.66 dB. The lowest adjacent crosstalk value of -16.96 dB was obtained in the conventional AWG design and this was much smaller compared to the tapered AWG design where the lowest crosstalk value is -17.23 dB. Hence, a tapered AWG design significantly reduces the insertion loss but has a slightly higher adjacent crosstalk compared to the conventional AWG design. On the other hand, the output spectrum responses that are obtained from both designs were close to the Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing (CWDM) wavelength grid.
Highlights
Planar lightwave circuits (PLC) are waveguide devices that are fabricated on flat substrates, commonly on silicon or glass
PLCs are widely utilized in wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM), time-divison multiplexing (TDM) systems and fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) access networks [1]
The design and simulation was conducted using phased array (PHASAR) software where the calculation is based on the beam propagation method (BPM) algorithm
Summary
Planar lightwave circuits (PLC) are waveguide devices that are fabricated on flat substrates, commonly on silicon or glass. WDM systems have some key components that have the function to multiplexer/demultiplexer (mux/demux) signal that can increase transmission capacity on a single optical fiber. These components are such as the Arrayed Waveguide Grating (AWG), Echelle gratings, ring resonators and lattice form filters. The research on mux/demux that focused on grating based and phased array (PHASAR) based devices were developed since 1990 [2]. Based on sophisticated semiconductor technology, [4] it is predicted that silicon photonics would provide inexpensive integrated electronics-photonics platform. The Array Waveguide Grating (AWG) developed on a SOI-based rib waveguide have great potential especially for WDM systems
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