Abstract
Homogeneous thin-film lenses for integrated optical signal processing devices consist of alternating regions of high and low index waveguide. Boundary losses depend on coupling efficiency between fundamental modes in the two regions. Coupling efficiency has been calculated for various assumed index profiles, and also for measured optical field profiles in glass and lithium niobate waveguides. The glass system showed poor performance, but a system consisting of Ti-indiffused and annealed proton-exchanged waveguides had well matched modes between which the coupling efficiency calculated from measured field profiles was 99%.
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