Wave Optics of Synchrotron Radiation

Abstract

Synchrotron radiation is a unique source of infrared radiation being highly polarized, pulsed, with the broad emission band and about thousand times brighter than standard thermal source. All just mentioned synchrotron radiation adventures apply to a large choice of experimental techniques and investigations. Among them are high-pressure studies, earth science and biology, microspectroscopy, reflectance and absorption spectroscopy for surface study, time-resolved spectroscopy and ellipsometry. Interest in infrared synchrotron radiation goes back to the 1980s (Duncan & Williams, 1983). At present numerous infrared beamlines have been developed at synchrotron radiation facilities throughout the world, see, e. g., (Bocci et al., 2008; Carr & Dumas, 1999; Guidi et al., 2005; H. Kimura et al., 2001; S. Kimura et al., 2001; S. Kimura et al., 2006; Roy et al., 2006; Williams & Dumas, 1997). Efforts to improve the radiation beam characteristics lead to elaboration more and more sophisticated beamline optics. To achieve this goal, we need to know all characteristics of emitted radiation, its intensity distribution, polarization and phase distribution. In particular, the synchrotron radiation wave properties play a major role in conventional diagnostics of electron beams in storage rings (Andersson et al., 2006; Elleaume et al., 1995; Fang et al., 1996; Flanagan et al., 1999; Hs & Huang, 1993; Weitkamp et al., 2001). In this case, the image of the electron beam is formed by an optical lens. The synchrotron radiation diffraction on the lens iris aperture restricts the resolution of the beam profile measurements. Infrared synchrotron radiation was used for longitudinal beam diagnostics at FLASH free electron laser (Grimm et al., 2008; Paech et al., 2006, 2007). Recent trends show an increased usage of synchrotron radiation interferometers for high precision measurements of the electron beam sizes (Artemiev et al., 1996; Chubar, 1995; Hiramatsu et al., 1999; Katoh & Mitsuhashi, 1999; Naito & Mitsuhashi, 2010). For proper interpretation of observed data, we also need to know synchrotron radiation phase distributions.