Abstract
This paper presents the results of wave force tests conducted on three types of offshore support structures considering eight waves and three sea levels to investigate the corresponding wave forces. As a result of this study, it is found that the occurrence of shoaling in shallow water induces a significant increase of the wave force. Most of the test models at the shallow water undergo a nonlinear increase of the wave force with higher wave height increasing. In addition, the larger the diameter of the support structure within the range of this study, the larger the diffraction effect is, and the increase in wave force due to shoaling is suppressed. Under an irregular wave at the shallow water, the wave force to the long-period wave tends to be slightly higher than that of the short period wave since the higher wave height component included in the irregular wave has an influence on the shoaling. In addition, it is found that the influence of shoaling under irregular wave becomes more apparent in the long period.
Highlights
In response to the growing demand for renewable energy, offshore wind turbines have recently seen their capacity increased from 1–3 MW to 7–12 MW
Shoaling is a phenomenon that occurs when a wave passes through a shallow water depth, in which the wave crest increases sharply and the wave trough flattens, as presented in Figure 1, and it is believed that nonlinear variation of wave height due to shoaling affects wave force [4]
Among the measured data during 300 s, the 60-s data measured from 200 s to 260 s by the load-cell were used as representative values for the analysis of the wave force acting on the test models for the regular waves, and the full data of 300 s were used for the irregular waves
Summary
In response to the growing demand for renewable energy, offshore wind turbines have recently seen their capacity increased from 1–3 MW to 7–12 MW. The increase of the turbine capacity means enlarged turbines and enlarged support structures undergoing extreme environmental conditions including wind, waves, and tides.
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