Abstract

The atmospheric windows between the few lines of water vapor in the millimeter wave range have received much attention in the past years. Significant departures from theoritical impact and kinetic laws have been brought to light by experimental observations, which are mostly field measurements. Only few laboratory experiments are available, which require a high sensitivity because of the low absorption coefficients to be measured: about 10 -8 cm -1 (4 x 10 -3 dB/km) per torr of pure water vapor, and 5 x 10 -7 cm -1 (0.2 dB/km) per torr of water vapor in an atmospheric mixture with nitrogen.

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