Abstract
Mangrove Forest is well known with the mangrove tree that can withstand waves from the sea and even Tsunami. That has happened in Sri Lanka in 2004 where many villages at the mangrove area safe and the number of death reduced. However, this mangrove forest nowadays threatened by the human activities. Therefore, the study was carried out to determine the water quality index (WQI) of Jarum Mas river which near to the agriculture area and to compare the water quality during low and high tide. There were 30 samples of water taken during Jun and July at 5 stations along Jarum Mas river. The data collections were collected based on the six WQI parameters; Ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Dissolved Oxygen (DO), pH, Total Suspended Solids (TSS) with other five parameters; Electrical Conductivity (EC), Turbidity, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Salinity and Temperature. The results for each parameter are summarized as follow; NH3-N range (4.3-4.85 mg/l), BOD range (1.5-4.2 mg/l), COD range (1095-1405 mg/l), DO range (2.27-4.91 mg/l), pH range (6.86-6.98), TSS range (48.33-70.5mg/l), EC range (33.04-38.7 mS/cm), turbidity range (19.38-26 NTU), TDS range (20.07-22.69 mg/l), salinity range (19.5-22.03 PSU), temperature range (28.25-29.35 oC). The WQI of Jarum Mas River is Class III which need extensive treatment for water supply and only common economic value for fishery based on Water Quality Index (WQI) and Interim National Water Quality Standards for Malaysia (INWQS) by Department of Environmental Malaysia.
Highlights
MATERIAL AND METHODSThe samples ware taken along Jarum Mas river at Matang Mangrove Forest which started from downstream, middle stream to the upstream
It was reported that mangrove is among the most productive coastal intertidal ecosystem in the world, confined to the tropics and subtropics, which dominate approximately 75% of the world’s coastline between 25o N and 25o S
Water Quality Index of Jarum Mas river was in Class III which is moderate based on Water Quality Index Scale by Department of Environmental
Summary
The samples ware taken along Jarum Mas river at Matang Mangrove Forest which started from downstream, middle stream to the upstream. There were five stations were chosen along Jarum Mas river started from downstream, middle stream to the upstream with an average of distance 1 km between each station. Procedure and sample preservation were followed the Standard Methods (APHA, 2005). Water sampling has been done in two different months which were in June and July 2015. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukeys’s studentized range test (HSD) at P ≤ 0.05 was used to evaluated significant differences in mean comparison between station and mean comparison between tides
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