Abstract
Problem statement: Mangrove forest is a component of wetlands that has been recognized as one of the most productive ecosystem in the trop ic. Rapid development and other land uses in the mangrove areas over the years had negatively affect ed the ecological functions and its ecosystem. Study was carried out on river water quality at Sib uti Wildlife Sanctuary, Miri based on the physico- chemical properties. Approach: A total of 72 water samples were collected from 12 stations or sampling points from Sungai Sibuti (SS) and its tributary, a man-ma de canal called Sungai Parit Scheme (SPS) at Sibuti Wildlife Sanctuary Miri, Sar awak in the month of June, August and October 2010. In situ data measurement such as temperature, conductivity, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), pH and turbidity were taken and labeled. Analysis for para meter such as ammoniacal nitrogen (NH 3-N), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and total suspended solids (TSS) were conducted in the laboratory. Both in situ and ex situ data were measured and analyzed according to the Standards Methods APHA, 2005. Results for each water quality parameters are summarized as follows, temperature range (29.3-32.8°C), pH range (6.02-8.07), DO range (2.76-4.7 mg L -1 ), conductivity (0.805-96.1 �S cm -1 ), TSS range (0.00119-0.4361 mg L -1 ), turbidity (10.2-15.3 NTU), BOD range (5.21-6.66 mg L -1 ), COD (7.5-25) and ammoniacal nitrogen (0.1-0.31 mg L -1 ). Results: Based on Water Quality Index (WQI) and Interim National Water Quality Standards for Malaysia (INWQS) by the Department of Environment Malaysia, river water of SPS and SS fall under Class II. Conclusion: The water quality status of river water at Sibuti W ildlife Sanctuary Mangrove Forest, Miri Sarawak is under category class II or good water quality status. All water quality parameters in this study are found to be in class I and II (good water quality) except for the BOD and DO which indicate fairer and moderate river water q uality status.
Highlights
Mangroves forest grows well along the river bank, estuaries and coastal with the presence of brackish water or where saline and fresh water meets
This paper present the research findings on the water quality status based on physico-chemical characteristics and assessment on river water at Sungai Parit Scheme (SPS) and Sungai Sibuti (SS) at Sibuti Wildlife Sanctuary Miri Sarawak
This study showed that the physical-chemical parameters of water quality of river water at Sibuti
Summary
Mangroves forest grows well along the river bank, estuaries and coastal with the presence of brackish water or where saline and fresh water meets. Mangroves in Malaysia cover an area of approximately 586,036 hectares of which 57% is found in Sabah, 26% in Sarawak and the remaining in Peninsular Malaysia (FRIM, 2009). Large area of mangroves had been converted to cater for developments such as housing industry, plantations, aquaculture and other land developments. All these activities within the mangrove areas had an adverse effect on its ecosystem functions (Paul Chai, 2010). Illegal encroachment and other on-going anthropogenic activities in the mangrove areas remained as a potential threat to the existing mangroves forest (Wetland International Malaysia, 2011). This paper present the research findings on the water quality status based on physico-chemical characteristics and assessment on river water at Sungai Parit Scheme (SPS) and Sungai Sibuti (SS) at Sibuti Wildlife Sanctuary Miri Sarawak
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