Abstract
During the transition from open-pit to underground mining in iron ore mines, water inrush is a prominent problem for mine safety and production. In this paper, a comprehensive method that incorporates hydrochemical analysis and numerical simulation is proposed to analyse the characteristics of water inrush during the transition from open-pit to underground mining. The proposed method revealed the migration law of groundwater and analysed the source of mine water inrush in the Yanqianshan iron mine located in Liaoning province, China. The results show that the excavated mine roadway is the primary factor affecting groundwater migration and that the source of the mine water inrush is the groundwater in the aquifer around the mine roadway. Moreover, based on the results of the study, appropriate methods for prevention and treatment of mine water inrush were proposed. This approach provides a novel idea for the assessment of water inrush hazards and will serve as a valuable reference for analogous engineering cases.
Highlights
Iron ore, being one of the most important industrial raw materials, is exploited and consumed in large quantities in many industries, and its usage is increasing every year [1,2]
As mining depths increase and mining faces expand, more serious water inrush problems can occur during the transition from openpit to underground mining
This paper describes a comprehensive method, including hydrochemical analysis and numerical simulation, to study the characteristics of mine water inrush in the process of transition from open-pit to underground mining
Summary
Iron ore, being one of the most important industrial raw materials, is exploited and consumed in large quantities in many industries, and its usage is increasing every year [1,2]. The open-pit mining method is generally preferred in mining activities due to its extensive applicability to various kinds of exposed rock, its minimum production loss and its high production rate, especially for materials such as iron ore, bauxite and copper ore, which are. The transition from open-pit to underground mining is often required during mining operations to maximize resource exploitation and increase economic efficiency, as some deposits extend from the shallow surface to a great depth [4,5], such as the Chah-Gaz iron mine in Iran [6], Udachny mine in Russia [7] and Shirengou iron mine in China [8]. As mining depths increase and mining faces expand, more serious water inrush problems can occur during the transition from openpit to underground mining
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