Abstract
The water flow in unsaturated soil in layered slopes sandwiching coarse materials was measured using inclined soil containers placed under a rain simulator. The refraction law of water flow in saturated soils was extended to the flow in unsaturated soils. The extended refraction law of water flow in saturated and unsaturated soils was applied to the flow at the interface between the Masa sandy loam and either the plant or gravel layer, using a jump condition and particular assumptions of hydraulic conductivity of materials. The data obtained on infiltration, steady percolation and drainage in the soil containers could be well explained by the proposed new concept of saturated and unsaturated refraction flow. So far as we know, the work reported here is the first specifically designed to elucidate the effects of abrupt change of hydraulic conductivity on the flow of water in unsaturated soil slopes.
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