Abstract
Background: Watch and wait approach (W&W) is now considered an acceptable option in a selected group of patients with low rectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiation (nCRT). Several studies reported similar oncologic outcomes for patients that achieve a clinical complete response (cCR) and those with a pathologic complete response (pCR) after radical surgery. However, several limitations of the available data contributed to the lack of a widespread adoption of a W&W approach, including the unavailability of high-quality MR imaging from baseline and assessment of tumor response, heterogeneity in treatment strategies and surveillance protocols.
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