Wastewater Reclamation and Reuse Treatment Technology

Abstract

Abstract The effective treatment of wastewater to meet water quality objectives for water reuse applications and to protect public health is a critical element of water reuse systems. Municipal wastewater treatment consists of a combination of physical, chemical, and biological processes and operations to remove solids, organic matter, pathogens, metals, and sometimes nutrients from wastewater. General terms used to describe different degrees of treatment, in order of increasing treatment level, are preliminary, primary, secondary, tertiary, and advanced treatment. A disinfection step for control of pathogenic organisms is often the final treatment step prior to distribution or storage of reclaimed wastewater. Wastewater reclamation, recycling, and reuse treatment systems are derived from applying technologies used for conventional wastewater treatment and drinking water treatment. The goal in designing a wastewater reclamation and reuse system is to develop an integrated cost‐effective treatment scheme that can reliably meet water quality objectives.