Wastewater Phosphorus Removal by Two Different Types of Andesitic Volcanic Tephra

Abstract

Phosphorus (P) is the limiting nutrient controlling productivity in most inland freshwater systems. Several materials have been proposed for use to remove excess P from wastewater treatment, including volcanic lapilli and ash (tephra). There is limited data in using tephra as a P filter. There were two objectives of this study: 1) to determine the physical feasibility of tephra as a filter making sure the infiltration rate remains high enough to use under prolonged saturation, and 2) to test the suitability of volcanic tephra as a medium for removing P from an artificial solution on two different volcanic tephra materials: Okato and Papakai tephra. The experiment used a synthetic P influent solution (20.5 mg P/L) and a solution residence time in the columns of approximately 3 hours. By the end of the experiment infiltration in both tephras was adequate for use in wastewater treatment systems. The Okato tephra absorbed nearly 8 mg P/g tephra with 97% of the total amount of P added to the column over a 54 day period. The Papakai tephra absorbed only 4 mg P/g with a 52% of the total P added to the column.