Washable and anti-impact conductive cellulose yarn-based energy meta-textile against harsh environments

Abstract

Flexible fiber-based zinc-ion batteries are highly regarded as potential for wearable electronic devices due to their high theoretical capacity and low redox potential. However, currently reported energy storage devices have limited practicality due to their inability to operate underwater or withstand mechanical stress. In this study, we present a multifunctional flexible fiber-based zinc-ion battery with exceptional durability, exhibiting high hammering resistance (maintaining 89.66 % capacity after 30 hammering cycles) and washing resistance (maintaining 77.97 % capacity after 30 min of washing). Moreover, the battery shows promising electrochemical performance, with a specific capacity 43.53 mAh g–1 and an energy density of 51.94 mWh g–1. Assembling and weaving multiple batteries into an energy meta-textile allows for normal mobile phone charging underwater and stable charge retention during mechanical stress, demonstrating potential for application in harsh environments.