VYBRANÉ AGROKLIMATICKÉ CHARAKTERISTIKY OBLASTI ŽABČIC ZA OBDOBÍ 1991 AŽ 2005

Abstract

Presented work is continuation of the first comprehensive agroclimatological study of Žabcice area (Rožnovský, Svoboda, 1995) and focuses on the time period 1991 to 2005. The work contains some of the agroclimatological data, which are used by number of experts at our university working within area of the MZLU Agricultural Farm in Žabčice especially on project no. J08/984321001. Results are based on data measured by the special agrometeorological station of Institute of Agrosystems and Bioclimatology at MZLU in Brno that is situated within trial area “Obora“ (altitude: 179 m; latitude: N 49°01´; longitude: E 16°16´). Measurements at Žabčice station follow methodology of Czech Hydrometeorological Institute (Slabá, 1972; Fišák, 1994).Climatic diagram according Walter and Leith is usually based on normal period (Rožnovský, Svoboda, 1995) but it is possible to prepare it for shorter period (in this case 1991–2005) and make a comparison. If the ratio of the temperature and precipitation axis is 10:30 (which is the most suitable according our experience) it may be stated that:• During period 1961–1990 the curve of precipitation sums is under the curve of mean monthly temperature from the middle of July till beginning of October. This period is the period of drought for Žabčice.• For the period from 1991 to 2005 the curve of precipitation sums is under the curve of temperature from mid April to mid June (just a slightly, but it can explain spring droughts appearances) and at the begining of August till the end of the first decade of September. In comparison with the normal pe- riod 1961–1990 and the long term mean 1901–1950 for station Židlochovice the probability of possible drought has increased.• Mean annual temperature changed from 9.2 °C to 10.0 °C and precipitation changed from 480.0 mm to 483.0 mm however with different distribution as can be seen at the fig. 4.• The mean monthly temperature of the coldest month increased from – 5.4 °C to – 3.9 °C and lowest measured temperature within this period was – 22.3 °C in comparison with 1961–1990 when the value was – 29.0 °C.• Mean monthly temperature of the warmest month increased from 25.2 °C to 27.2 °C and absolute maximum increased from 36.6 °C to 38.47 °C.• Months with the mean minimum monthly temperature below 0.0 °C and months with absolute minimum below 0.0 °C have also changed. All measured data and calculated values are shown in tables and figures.